The Claude Agent SDK is Anthropic's opinionated framework for building agents that use Claude. Built on the same primitives as Claude Code, it handles tool use, multi-turn orchestration, and sub-agents.
Claude Code is the end-user CLI. The Agent SDK is the library you'd use to build your own agents with similar capabilities. Think of Claude Code as an agent built with the SDK.
Model Context Protocol is Anthropic's standard for tool servers. The Agent SDK natively supports MCP servers, so you can plug in community-built tool providers without writing glue code.
See docs at anthropic.com. Typical starter: npm/pip install the SDK, define tools, define system prompt, launch agent loop. Most production agents fit in a few hundred lines of code.