Subject lines

Subject lines are the first gate. Bad subject line, zero opens. Good subject line, 40-60% open rates. In B2B cold, the rules are specific and nearly opposite to consumer email marketing.

The rules

Patterns that work

The specific observation

"your post on retention"
"saw your Q3 announcement"
"re: your hiring push"

The question format (short)

"quick thought on pipeline"
"thoughts on [specific topic]"

The name-drop

"[Mutual name] said to reach out"
"from [company] to [their company]"

The curiosity

"odd question about [department]"
"something you might've missed"

The direct

"15 min next week?"
"introduction from [referrer]"

Patterns that fail

Subject line generation

Subject line generator
Generate 15 cold email subject lines for:
- Target: [role + industry]
- Email topic: [what the email is about]
- Context trigger (if any): [recent event]

Rules:
- 3-5 words max
- Lowercase
- No emojis, no symbols
- Should feel like a peer wrote them, not a marketer
- Mix: specific observation, curiosity, direct, name-drop

Just the subject lines, numbered.

Testing

A/B test 2 subject lines per campaign at minimum. Split 50/50 for the first 200 sends. Keep the winner, test a new challenger against it. See what to test.

Typical open rates by subject line quality:

With iOS 15+ inflating open rates through prefetching, treat opens as directional not absolute. Reply rate is the truer signal.

Related: headlines in direct response, the same principles scale from email subjects to landing pages.